Disinfectants (such as chlorine) are the primary defense against diseases caused by microbiological contaminants in public water systems. Although disinfection is the single most important treatment technique in use in public water supplies, the disinfectants themselves can react with organic materials in water supplies to form disinfection by-products (DBPs) which may prove to contaminate the water with compounds that increase cancer risk.
Many water supplies add a disinfectant to drinking water to kill germs such as Giardia and E. coli. Especially after heavy rainstorms, your water system may add more disinfectants to guarantee that these germs are killed. Common disinfectants are:
Disinfection by-products form when disinfectants are added to drinking water to kill germs that react with naturally-occurring organic matter in water.
Yes, present regulations only apply to community and non-transient non-community systems adding a disinfectant to their water supplies. However, future regulations will require all systems that purchase disinfected water to meet regulations as well.
If your water system is adding a disinfectant, they must start regular disinfectant residual tests (weekly or monthly) at some consumer taps to determine how much disinfection is available at the end-of-the-line in your system. A free chlorine residual of at least 0.2 mg/L should be maintained. This will help them plan for modifications in your disinfection to meet any new standards that are required.
GUDISW: Groundwater under direct influence of surface water
*Sample taken in month with the warmest water temperature.
| System type | Population | Monitoring frequency |
|---|---|---|
| Surface/GUDISW | >10,000 | 4/plant/quarter |
| Surface/GUDISW | 500-9,999 | 1/plant/quarter |
| Surface/GUDISW | <500 | 1/plant/year* |
| Groundwater | >10,000 | 1/plant/quarter |
| Groundwater | <10,000 | 1/plant/year* |
For the Stage 2 DBPR, each public water supply system must develop a monitoring plan to be kept on file for State and public review (40 CFR §141.622(a)(1)). If you are a subpart H system (system using a surface water source or a ground water source which is under the direct influence of surface water) that serves greater than 3,300 people, you must submit a copy of the Stage 2 monitoring plan to DANR prior to the date you conduct your Stage 2 monitoring. We recommend that all systems serving over 500 people submit a monitoring plan.
*Sample taken in month with the warmest water temperature.
Governor's Capacity Development Report
Disinfection residuals and DBP monitoring sampling results are to be reported quarterly. Click on the links below to download a copy of the quarterly reporting forms.
Disinfection Residual Report - (Microsoft Excel)
Monthly Disinfection Residual Worksheet - (Microsoft Excel)
Quarterly DBP Report - (Microsoft Excel)
TOC/TTHM/HAA5 Reporting Form - (Microsoft Excel)
IDSE Standard Monitoring Report Form